Page 444 - Demo

448 PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGYlignin components surrounding the outside of the cellulose fibers have been removed, while the components interspersed in the cellulose fiber structure have not been completely treated, leading to ineffective interaction of cellulase with lignin, which is also the reason affecting the hydrolysis efficiency of surfactants. Park et al. [19] also pointed out the correlation between the hydrophilic properties of surfactants and the efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis, this correlation is consistent with the results in the research. All non-ionic surfactants increased the hydrolysis efficiency, of which Triton X %u2013 100 gave the highest hydrolysis efficiency of 80.4%. Another mechanism showing the beneficial effects of surfactants in enzymatic saccharification was related to the increase in cellulase enzyme stability and the reduction of protein inactivation due to thermal or shear factors during hydrolysis. The addition of Tween 20 was also shown to increase the enzyme inactivation temperature by about 20C by improving the thermal stability of cellulase from Trichoderma reesei [20]. Therefore, to facilitate the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, the beneficial effects of surfactants should be considered to supplement these compounds before or after the addition of enzymes, avoiding the effects of surfactants in inhibiting inefficient adsorption and promoting desorption of lignin-bound enzymes.4.3. Effect of surfactants on saccharification One of the barriers encountered in enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass is the efficiency of the conversion of biomass. Inefficient biomass conversion may be due to low solid loading during enzymatic hydrolysis, inhibitory products generated during the hydrolysis of cellulose, and ineffective binding of enzymes to lignin structures [21]. According to some studies, high solid concentrations increase the viscosity of the system during enzymatic hydrolysis, hindering the heat and mass transfer