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254 PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGYthese neurotransmitters play an important role in regulating the body%u2019s response to acute stress. While the mechanism behind the decreased levels of DA and NE in depressed patients is not yet fully understood, supplementing NE and DA could be a potential method to improve the condition. In a study on neurotransmitters by Roschina (2010), several Bacillus strains were found to be capable of synthesizing DA and NE, including B. subtilis, B. mycoides, and B. cereus. Notably, B. subtilis demonstrated the ability to produce and directly release DA and NE into the culture medium, indicating its potential to participate in cellular interactions [24].6. REDUCTION OF STRESS HORMONESThe hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a key role in regulating stress responses and many other body processes through a network of endocrine signaling: corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and glucocorticoids (GC). Recent evidence has proposed a %u201cproinflammatory cortisol%u201d model as a pathogenic mechanism for depression. Elevated cortisol levels over prolonged periods have been observed in patients with major depressive disorder, and this could promote inflammation, serving as a risk factor for resistance to secondary diseases. In healthy adults, exposure to cortisol levels associated with stress for 6 hours through the use of hydrocortisone has been shown to induce inflammatory responses, including increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) [25]. Moreover, increased cortisol levels can alter the signaling systems of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine through mechanisms that impact the receptors of these hormones [26]. Based on these mechanisms, approaches to regulate cortisol could be applied as a therapeutic strategy for treating depression.