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250 PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGYsimilar to that of agents that support intestinal health and the immune recovery of the digestive system [16].3. SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACID (SCFA) SYNTHESISMany studies have shown that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a crucial role in alleviating symptoms of depression [17]. Butyric acid, a multifunctional SCFA, has been demonstrated to improve depressive symptoms. This short-chain fatty acid has the ability to inhibit the release of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines and helps maintain the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier. Additionally, propionic acid, another SCFA, has been shown to enhance the function of the intestinal barrier. Propionic acid indirectly affects gene expression and cellular metabolism through immune modulation mechanisms. With such diverse functions, the ability of Bacillus strains to produce SCFAs has attracted considerable attention for its beneficial effects not only on gut health but also on mental health disorders such as depression.In an in vitro model, the SCFA production capabilities of several Bacillus probiotics were evaluated [17]. The results showed that the B. coagulans strain produced acetic acid, an SCFA primarily involved in providing energy to muscles and certain cell tissues. More notably, all four B. clausii strains involved in the experiment were able to produce three types of SCFAs: acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid.The addition of Bacillus probiotics to the diet of chickens has shown that, compared to the control group, the presence of probiotics in the diet significantly improved the levels of most SCFAs in the chickens%u2019 cecum. Specifically, the supplementation of B. subtilis increased the concentrations of acetic acid and butyric acid, while B. licheniformis increased the levels of butyric