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SECTION I: MOLECULAR GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 245Supportive methods have gained attention due to their potential to enhance treatment outcomes. Notably, probiotics have been shown by studies to support the treatment of depression. Probiotics, %u201cgood bacteria,%u201d modulate the gut-brain axis, influencing mood and emotional regulation. Their ability to reduce inflammation, regulate neurotransmitter production, and improve gut health positions them as promising candidates for adjunctive therapy. Further research and clinical trials are essential to explore their full potential and establish protocols for their use.Keywords: Depression, probiotics, Bacillus, neurotransmitter, SCFA, cortisol INTRODUCTIONThe relationship between gut microbiota and mental health has emerged as an important research field, with evidence supporting the role of probiotics in managing mental disorders, including depression. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when consumed in adequate amounts, provide health benefits, particularly in enhancing gut health and regulating the gutbrain axis (GBA). The GBA refers to the communication system between the gut microbiota, the central nervous system (CNS), and the immune system. This axis facilitates the influence of gut microbiota on brain function and behavior through pathways such as immune regulation, neurotransmitter production, and hormone balance. Among probiotic strains, the Bacillus species have attracted attention due to their significant properties and potential therapeutic effects, especially in mental health disorders. Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus clausii have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and stressreducing effects, making them ideal candidates for supporting depression treatment [2 - 4].