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outcomes. Regarding the impacts of GPM, the respondents conclude that GPM drives
continuous improvement in environmental and economic performances, promotes

employees’ engagement and satisfaction and enhances businesses’ competitiveness to
meet sustainability goals. In terms of GC&R, the respondents evaluate GC&R brings
about cost savings and resources efficiency, promotes employees to actively participate
in green initiatives activities, enhances employee engagement and motivation towards
achieving sustainable business practices and enables organizations to achieve long-
term green economic growth objectives.
The findings of the study also imply that SMEs in Vietnam should take certain
actions to enhance the effects of GHRM practices on SGEG. The implications involve

policy issuing and law enforcement to support SMEs to apply modern technologies to
advance their green operations for sustainable growth. Besides, SMEs in Vietnam are
recommended to utilize green recruitment and selection platforms, update green training
programs, establish specific and measurable green performance goals and link
compensation and rewards practices to the sustainability goals for long-term
development.

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