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that adapts to climate change . Green agriculture accordingly uses smart farming
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methods, uses organic fertilizers, reduces the use of chemicals and pesticides, applies

water-saving irrigation systems, applies technology to process and reuse by-products
and waste, improves production efficiency, saves resources, protects the ecological
environment, and develops sustainable agriculture. Thus, the benefits of developing
green agriculture are to harmonize sustainable growth goals, meet green consumption
trends, and be responsible for protecting the environment and public health.
3. Green agriculture in Vietnam
Vietnam's agriculture has made remarkable progress since 1986. The strong
development of the agricultural sector has helped Vietnam significantly improve food

security, contribute to poverty reduction, stabilize the socio - economy and become one
of the top 5 agricultural exporters in the world.
In Vietnam, many production models towards green agriculture have been
implemented in many localities through integrated farming models in rice cultivation,
reducing the amounts of sown seeds, integrated pest management IPM, using pesticides
according to "4 rights", reducing the amounts of inorganic fertilizers "3 reductions 3

increases", "1 must 5 reductions," have reduced production costs and reduced
environmental pollution, increased productivity and quality of rice.
Aquaculture has focused on developing areas and farming models applying high
technology and environmentally friendly technology. The Mekong Delta has
successfully applied the rice-shrimp and rice-fish models to ensure production
efficiency and adapt to climate change.
In livestock farming, utilizing agricultural by-products, such as: corn stalks, straw,

peanuts... to produce animal feed; Treating waste into biogas, raising earthworms,
applying microbiological technology, bio-buffering, processing biofertilizers and
organic fertilizers, reducing harm to the environment. Raising livestock and poultry
along the value chain, biosafety and disease-safe livestock farming and the application
of advanced science and technology and high technology in livestock farming are
promoted; Organic livestock farming models are gradually being replicated.

Linking and cooperating in agricultural production will create conditions to
promote the development of green agriculture. Implementing Decree No. 98/2018/ND-
CP on policies to encourage cooperation and linking in the production and consumption
of agricultural products in Vietnam, there have been 2,204 cooperatives, 517
cooperative groups, 1,091 enterprises and 186,829 farming households participating in
linking production with the consumption of agricultural products. By the end of 2023,
localities had approved 2,146 projects and linkage plans according to Decree No.
98/2018/ND-CP, of which 1,504 were in crop cultivation, 489 were in livestock

farming, 61 were in forestry, and 92 were in aquaculture. The total

3 Vo Huu Phuoc, Truong Thi Thu Huong (2021), Developing Green Agriculture in Vietnam and Issues in the
Current Context

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