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contexts and regions, indicating the need for context-specific analyses to better
understand the factors influencing digital technology adoption in agriculture.
3. Methodology
This study employed a systematic literature review (SLR) to synthesize existing
empirical research on the determinants influencing digital technology adoption in
agriculture, with a particular focus on Vietnamese farmers. The review followed the
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines
to ensure transparency, replicability, and a systematic process for identifying and
selecting relevant studies.
The review was guided by the following research question:
RQ: What factors influence the adoption of digital technologies among farmers in
Vietnam?
To address this question, the study aimed to identify and synthesize empirical
studies examining the determinants of digital technology adoption in the agricultural
sector.
A structured review protocol was established to ensure consistency and
transparency throughout the research process. The protocol defined the review question,
search strategy, databases used, selection criteria, and data analysis procedures. The
study selection process followed the PRISMA framework, which includes four stages:
identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and final inclusion. This protocol helped
minimize bias and ensured a systematic approach to identifying relevant literature.
A structured search strategy was applied to identify relevant publications from
major academic databases. The literature search was conducted using Google Scholar,
MDPI, and ScienceDirect, which are widely recognized sources for peer-reviewed research
in agriculture, digital technologies, and innovation studies. The search used a combination
of keywords related to digital technology adoption in agriculture, including “technology
adoption”, “digital literacy”, “agriculture technology”, and “farmer”. These keywords
were combined using Boolean operators (AND/OR) to broaden the search and capture
studies addressing the adoption of digital technologies in agricultural contexts.

Figure 2. PRISMA flowchart of selected studies for systematic literature review

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