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In addition, reinforcement learning can help integrate multiple transportation
modes simultaneously. For example, part of a shipment may be transported using slower
but environmentally friendly methods such as rail or inland waterways, while another
portion may be delivered through faster modes such as road transport or air freight.
Collaborative replenishment and transportation
Machine learning algorithms can be deployed within digital control tower systems
to monitor supply chain activities in real time. This enables companies to synchronize
replenishment cycles across multiple organizations and facilitate collaborative
transportation strategies.
Management of perishable inventory
Managing inventory for perishable goods is particularly complex because companies
must consider not only inventory levels but also the age distribution of products stored in
warehouses. Optimal inventory policies in such cases are often difficult to implement
using traditional analytical methods.
Reinforcement learning algorithms can develop effective heuristics through learning
processes, enabling firms to manage perishable inventory more efficiently.
Multi-channel supply chain management
When companies distribute products across multiple channels—such as physical
retail stores, e-commerce platforms, and international markets—reinforcement learning
algorithms can determine optimal inventory allocation strategies.
For example, AI systems can determine which products should be stored at local
warehouses to ensure rapid delivery, and which warehouses should fulfill specific
customer orders based on logistics efficiency and transportation costs.
3. Current situation of AI adoption in Vietnam's import–export logistics sector
3.1. Logistics in Vietnam’s international trade economy
Logistics plays a fundamental role in supporting import–export activities,
particularly for countries with high levels of trade openness such as Vietnam. According to
the Vietnam Logistics Report 2024, the country’s logistics market size is estimated at
approximately USD 65 billion, with an average annual growth rate of 14–16 percent [1].
The logistics sector contributes approximately 4–5 percent of Vietnam’s GDP and
provides employment for more than one million workers, making it one of the most
important service industries in the national economy.
Alongside the development of the logistics industry, Vietnam’s international trade
activities have expanded rapidly. In 2024, the country’s total import–export turnover
reached approximately USD 786 billion, and by 2025 this figure is projected to increase to
around USD 930 billion [2].
This remarkable expansion highlights the growing demand for modern logistics
services capable of supporting transportation, storage, and distribution activities within
global supply chains.
Vietnam’s export structure is currently dominated by manufactured industrial
products, which account for approximately 87–88 percent of total export value [1]. Major
export industries include electronics, machinery, textiles, and footwear. These sectors
rely heavily on efficient international logistics systems to transport raw materials and
distribute finished products across global markets.
As a result, the performance of the logistics sector has a direct impact on the
competitiveness of Vietnamese goods in international trade.

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