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digital technologies into agricultural extension systems can improve farmers’ access to
information, technical guidance, and market knowledge. In addition, financial support
mechanisms, such as credit programs and subsidies, can help reduce economic barriers to
adopting digital technologies. Finally, policymakers should design context-specific
strategies that consider farmers’ demographic characteristics and regional conditions to
ensure inclusive and effective digital agriculture development in Vietnam.
This study has several limitations that should be acknowledged. Although a
systematic and rigorous PRISMA-based approach was applied, the review included only
10 eligible quantitative studies from an initial pool of 120 records. The significant
reduction reflects the limited availability of in-depth empirical research on digital
technology adoption in the Vietnamese agricultural context, particularly studies
employing quantitative methods. This relatively small sample size may restrict the
comprehensiveness and generalisability of the findings, as it may not fully capture the
diversity of farming systems, regions, and technologies across Vietnam. At the same time,
this limitation highlights a significant research gap and underscores the need for more
extensive empirical studies, particularly large-scale and longitudinal research, to provide a
more robust understanding of digital adoption dynamics. In addition, the exclusive focus
on quantitative studies may overlook important qualitative insights into farmers’
perceptions, behavioural motivations, and contextual challenges. Future research is
therefore encouraged to adopt mixed-method or qualitative approaches to provide
deeper insights into the complexity of digital technology adoption. Expanding research
across different agricultural sectors and regions would further contribute to developing
more comprehensive, context-sensitive strategies to promote digital agriculture in
Vietnam.

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