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SECTION II. APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY... 307Ascomycetes groups have shown great potential in solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes due to their ability to synthesize various antioxidant-rich metabolites [5]. Basidiomycetes, which include a wide range of mushroom species, have been extensively researched for their capacity to produce bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, and polysaccharides. These compounds play crucial roles in reducing oxidative stress and preventing chronic diseases like cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases [6]. Ascomycetes fungi have demonstrated effectiveness in converting food waste into antioxidants, demonstrating their flexibility and efficiency in solid-state microbial systems [7].When appropriately optimized, pomegranate peel becomes a suitable substrate for fungal growth. They can be transformed by fungi into various bioactive compounds, including antioxidants, and enzymes, converting waste into valuable resources [8]. This approach not only reduces environmental impacts but also increases the economic value of agricultural by-products. The production of antioxidants by basidiomycetes and ascomycetes fungi in microbial systems largely depends on their enzymatic activities. Some oxidative enzymes such as laccase and catalase, are produced by these fungi to break down complex organic polymers into simpler molecules, thereby promoting the synthesis of bioactive compounds [9]. These enzymes interact with organic matter in agro-industrial waste, leading to the formation of compounds like flavonoids, known for their potent antioxidant properties. While synthetic antioxidants are commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, concerns about their longterm safety have driven the demand for natural alternatives [10]. Antioxidants derived from fungi offer a promising solution, as the bioconversion of food waste not only tackles waste management issues but also results in the production of safe and effective food