Page 395 - Demo

SECTION II. APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY... 3992.3. Indicators and monitoring methodsMonitoring indicators: Monitoring indicators include soil chemical properties (pHKCl, Nts (total nitrogen), P2O5ts (total phosphorus), K2Ots (total potassium), P2O5dt (available phosphorus content), K2Odt (available potassium content), OC% (organic carbon content), Ca++, and Mg++), beneficial microbial density (beneficial microorganisms, nitrogenfixing microorganisms, phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, cellulose-decomposing microorganisms), and peanut growth metrics such as plant height and yield components (number of effective flowers per plant, number of sound pods per plant, 100-pod weight in grams, theoretical yield, actual yield, and efficiency metrics like net profit, calculated as total revenue minus costs, and profit margin (Value Cost Ratio or VCR, where VCR = net income from product use/product cost)).Research and analysis methods: Research and analysis methods follow the National Technical Regulation on the evaluation of cultivation value and use of peanut varieties (QCVN 01-57:2011/BNNPTNT) for growth, development, and yield. Disease indicators are evaluated according to TCVN 13268-3:2021, Plant Protection - Method for Investigating Pest Organisms - Part 3: Industrial Crop Group. Soil pHKCl is analyzed based on TCVN 5979:2007, total nitrogen (N%) as per TCVN 6498:1999, total phosphorus (P2O5 %) following TCVN 8940:2011, available phosphorus as per TCVN 8661:2011, total potassium (K2O%) based on TCVN 8660:2011, available potassium per TCVN 8662:2011, organic carbon (OC%) based on TCVN 8941:2011, Ca2+ content as base on TCVN 8569:2010, and Mg2+ content based on TCVN 8569:2010. Beneficial microbial density is measured using TCVN 6167:1996, TCVN 6166:2002, TCVN 6167:1996, and TCVN 6168:2022 standards. Data processing is conducted using IRRSTAT 5.0 and Excel software.