Page 573 - Ebook HTKH 2024

integrating the coastline and upgrading wharves. The existing industrial-oriented
supporting wharves are supported, and new industrial-oriented supporting wharves are
planned around the existing wharves to meet the needs of industrial enterprises' layout
along the river. However, in the long term, occupation will leave the consequences of
unsustainable development and waste of resources. A special feature in inland river port
planning is the relationship between inland ports and nearby seaport clusters. Inland
ports serve as a logistics area for the development of seaports, and the functional
distribution of inland ports will affect the overall development of the region. Therefore,
inland ports need to be carefully planned and developed in a specialized direction.
The industries that drive port development have evolved. From the initial
development with scattered industries, some major Chinese ports have become notable
highlights internationally with industrial cluster models like Shanghai. However, in
recent times, industrial clusters are no longer the focus of development drivers, and the
priority is shifting towards the port-city model. Shanghai has formed various functional
areas to support each other, such as high-tech zones and university campuses providing
high-quality human resources, promoting the participation of multiple entities. The
choice to develop according to a multi-functional model is due to the challenging natural
conditions with depths unsuitable for focused development. Meanwhile, Dongjiakou
Port, with its advantages of deep-water natural conditions and abundant resources, has
focused on enhancing infrastructure and berth handling capacity instead of expanding
other supporting functions. In addition, the scale factor also determines the choice of
layout distribution orientation. For example, Duyfang Xinhai Port also faces the same
problem as Shanghai regarding resource limitations, but this port's orientation is to build
an inland transportation connection system along with the construction of specialized
ports.
Thus, port distribution is closely related to resource conditions, port scale, and
port-adjacent cities. Accordingly, small, newly built ports or inland river ports are
suitable for developing infrastructure, strengthening transportation connections, and
developing "asymmetrically", focusing on their own strengths with industry as the
driving force; while large-scale ports at the national or international level with a long
history of development will form supporting development clusters in the direction of
port-city alliances. The arrangement of sub-areas of port-adjacent cities needs to
consider the vision and inland conditions to optimize resources.
3.3.2. Strengthening domestic and international connectivity: The transportation
system is a key factor in port planning.
Currently, facing the trend of port integration, China has chosen to develop a
transportation system following the "dual circulation" model. This model emphasizes
the mutual support between domestic and international transportation routes. China has
implemented many policies to strengthen international trade connectivity, such as
cooperation policies with ASEAN and the "Belt and Road" initiative. Meanwhile,
domestic transportation routes are also a key issue in planning with an integrated
approach. The integration of road transportation can be summarized in two words:
"separation" and "connection". Accordingly, "separation" emphasizes the separation of
transit roads and internal roads, thereby separating roads according to their functions,
reducing traffic flow participating in congestion at bottlenecks. Conversely, port
transport planning also requires "connection", which means strengthening connections
between urban areas and using public transportation systems to support the port

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