Page 570 - Ebook HTKH 2024

Figure 1: Thirteen routes AND port integration methods in China

2007 was the year with the highest rate of port integration (approximately 50%);
arrows indicate the separation and integration components of provincial port integration
planning strategies.
3.2. Port strategy in national key functional zone planning
3.2.1. Context of proposing national key functional zone planning
The 11th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the
People's Republic of China and the State Council's opinions on compiling the national
functional zone planning raised the following observations about China's development
in 2011: the excessive and rapid reduction of cultivated land has put great pressure on
ensuring food security; natural ecosystems are severely damaged and their functions are
deteriorating; the intensity of resource exploitation is high, highlighting environmental
problems; the spatial structure is unreasonable, and the efficiency of land use is low; the
development between urban and rural areas, and between regions, is unbalanced,
creating a large gap in public services and living conditions.
National key functional zone planning was introduced to address the
aforementioned situation, serving as a basis for promoting the formation of key
functional zones and acting as a blueprint and bright prospect for the scientific
development of the national territorial space. It is a strategic, foundational, and binding
plan.
The orientation and planning of ports within the framework of the national key
functional zone planning in 2011 is a crucial factor in fulfilling the tasks of

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