Page 480 - Ebook HTKH 2024

Hydropower: Hydropower is a source of electricity obtained from the water
energy in rivers and oceans. People block rivers to create dams to create a stable flow to

rotate water turbines to generate electricity. In addition, people can take advantage of
the tide when the sea level changes to generate electricity.
Biomass electricity: Biomass electricity is generated from biofuels, which is a
form of energy generated from living things such as animals and plants. Biomass
electricity can be generated from burning waste from factories such as bagasse or
burning garbage and other wastes such as gas from pet waste, etc.
Geothermal power: Geothermal power is electricity generated from heat
sources below the earth's surface. To generate electricity, people often drill a drill deep

into the earth to take advantage of the earth's heat to heat water or steam or a mixture of
both in a hydrothermal system and then convert it into pressure to rotate a turbine
generator.
Other renewable energy sources: Although they are not popular, electricity can
be generated from other renewable energy sources such as (i) Electricity generated from
water flows in daily water pipes. When the faucet is opened, the flowing water will

rotate the turbine to generate electricity. This electricity can be stored in the battery for
use for various purposes; (ii) Electricity generated from microwaves emitted from
phones to flash light bulbs; (iii) Electricity generated from the human body. People can
take advantage of the heat from the human body or the movement of the human body to
generate electricity for medical devices on the human body, watches, mobile phones;
etc (Dien San, 2023).
In short, renewable electricity generation is the process of producing electricity

based on renewable energy sources as input energy sources.
2. Background of renewable electricity generation in Vietnam
In recent years, the world has had, is having and will have many fluctuations that
have a great impact on energy prices in general and electricity prices in particular. Since
2008, after the global economic crisis until now, we have had to begin to mention the
European public debt crisis that began to break out in Greece. After the European public
debt crisis was the Maidan revolution in Europe in 2014. The conflict between Russia
and Ukraine has been deepened by the Maidan revolution, culminating in Russia sending

troops into Ukraine to carry out a “special military operation” on 24/2/2022. The
conflict between Russia and Ukraine has caused oil and gas prices to rise. Oil and gas
are one of the most important input fuels in electricity production.
In 2012, Xi Jinping came to power in China and expressed his ambition to build
China into a world leader. China’s rise has become a direct competitor to the United
States’ position as the number one superpower. The peak was in 2017, when US
President Donald Trump came to power, and just a year later he launched a trade war
with China. Up to now, the US-China trade war shows no signs of ending.

The trade war is not simply a trade war, but its underlying nature is competition in
science and technology. The US-China trade war has led to a shift in trade and

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