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4.2.4. Measurement model analysis (CFA)

Figure 7. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results
Source: Analysis results from AMOS 24
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the overall fit of the
measurement model. The CFA results indicate that the model achieved a good fit with the
empirical data, as evidenced by the following statistical indices: \chi^2/df = 1.411 (< 3);
CFI = 0.958 (> 0.9); TLI = 0.951 (> 0.9); GFI = 0.906 (> 0.9); RMSEA = 0.042 (< 0.08), and
PCLOSE = 0.853 (> 0.05).
Furthermore, the Standardized Factor Loadings of all observed variables ranged
from 0.51 to 0.79 (> 0.5), confirming that the observed variables are statistically
significant in reflecting their underlying latent constructs. Simultaneously, the highest
correlation coefficient between the factors was 0.72 (between the GF and HV constructs)
(< 0.85). These indices provide robust evidence that the measurement model fully
satisfies the requirements for both convergent validity and discriminant validity.

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