Page 271 - Ebook HTKH 2024

process, but the administrative shift is often implemented firstly and influences the
scope, speed and results of all other dimensions.
Green urbanization

Green urbanization is simply defined as a model of urbanization, which enables
rational urbanization and better environmental protection. Almost of scientists and
practitioners try to explain and prove the necessity of green urbanization with the
argument that the urbanization causes environment damages continuously and it would
in the near future reach a level that the nature could not suffer any more, and, therefore,
the transformation of current urbanization mode into a green one will be unavoidable.
Approaching the topic from other aspect, in 1965, Wolman considered urban or rural
areas as a living landscape of a biosystem, which consists of types of creatures and

organism, therefore, “green urbanization” is a must Studying the case of China, Liang
and Yang showed that even following the environmental Kuznets curve, there may be,
in long run, a positive relation increasing urbanization- strengthening economic growth-
improving environmental protection. Some researchers tend to define green
urbanization as an urbanization process consisting of developing “green” components,

such as “green infrastructure”, Green Belts, Transport Oriented Development, etc.
Answering the question “how green is urbanization currently” (or at a certain time)
is very important for policy makers and officials of the governance authority of a city/
urban region. To date, answers are only going around the question, not directly. Almost
all authors described activities done and their results, effects or impacts of the activities
for green city development (or greenly urbanizing) on this development process, etc.
OECD approached the problem in another aspect: comparing and calculating the ratios
between sectors/ components of urbanization (mobility, buildings, natural resources

management, energy, green services, pollution prevention) and its results/ outcomes
(jobs creation, green supply and consumption, urban attractiveness).
4. Results and discussion
Current urbanization in Vietnam
The urbanization rate of Vietnam increased from 19.4% in 1989 to 24.8% in 1990
and 36.8% in 2020 with a high speed (figure 1) 131 . It’s interesting that Vietnam’s

economy and economic resources are “urbanized” more quickly than the population of
the country. On the other hand, the urbanization process in Vietnam slowed down in the
last decade and did not meet the target set by the Party and Government of Vietnam.

131 Luu Duc Hai (2010), Vietnam’s urbanization strategy and policies relating to the rehabilitation of old
housing.

263